Saturday, April 25, 2020

Soap Ingredients Essays - Soaps, Olive Oil, Castile Soap

Soap Ingredients LAB Purpose: To make a basic soap and a soap with other than basic ingredients using Lye, Olive Oil and Oatmeal and to learn about the history of soap and how the process of saponification works. Procedure: A. Basic Olive oil soap Materials a. 1- 2 liter beaker b. 1- 100 ml beaker c. 2 thermometers d. 1 container with lid e. 1 balance f. 1 graduated cylinder g. 2 spoons h. 1 stainless steel bowl i. 1 heating plate 1. Put on safety goggles 2. Person A: Fill a container to cool the NaOH solution with cold water and make sure someone comes in before and after school for the next 4 or 5 days 3. Person B: Clean working area, cover immediate work area with newspaper, get plastic container that will hold soap and mark with tape on base of container. 4. Person C: put on latex gloves a. Weigh 100g (3.5 oz.) of NaOH and put it in the 2 liter beaker. b. Measure 283.5 ml (10 oz.) of cold water. c. Slowly add water to NaOH and stir with a spoon to dissolve NaOH. Place thermometer in the solution and place the beaker in the cooling container. d. Stir NaOH and cool to 38 degrees Celcius and keep this temperature constant until person D is at 38 degrees with the oil mixture. Use heating plate or cooling container as necessary. e. Slowly add NaOH to the oil mixture while stirring constantly. f. Stir for 15 minutes. g. Pour into soap container and put lid on. 5.Person D a. Measure 643 ml (13 oz.) of Olive oil and 175 ml of Blended oil. Add both to the stainless steel mixing bowl and put a thermometer in it. b. Heat oil to 38 degrees Celcius. c. Once at 38 degrees, talk to person C and keep temperature constant 6. After a few days remove lid and air dry When soap has dried put it on paper, cut into 8 pieces and dry for a few more days. B. Oatmeal soap Materials a. 1 muffin container and a piece of tape b. heating plate c. balance d. oatmeal e. grater f. graduated cylinder 1. Person A: Get a muffin container and label it. 2. Person B: Weigh out 100g of oatmeal. Grind oats in blender until 1/5 original size. When oil and water mixture has become clear, add and mix in oatmeal. 3. Person C: Grate 340 g (12 oz.) of the soap into the metal bowl. 4. Person D: Get a heating plate, measure and add 225 ml (9 oz.) of water to grated soap. Heat on low and stir until soap has dissolved to clear, take ot off the heat and add Person B's oatmeal. 5. Person A: Pour the mixture into a muffin container. Place container in freezer. After drying for a few days, pop out and let dry. Results: A. Olive oil Soap The Olive oil soap turned out quite well. The only thing that was unexpected was the awkward, and bumpy shape of the soap . But this is because of the container it was made in. Other than this, the Olive oil soap moisturizes much better and is much gentler than commercial brands. B. Oatmeal Soap Just as the Olive oil soap turned out great, the Oatmeal soap turned out even better. The only drawback is that the oatmeal flakes weren't ground up enough. This is not very attractive but it doesn't really do anything to the soap's performance. Conclusion: A. Olive oil Soap This was a farely error free procedure. One of the problems was getting the oil and the NaOH to match up exactly degrees Celcius. This could be avoided in the future by using identical hot plates and heating each liquid slowly paying very close attention to it. One minor problem was that the top of the soap was uneven after stirring it and it dryed that way. This could be fixed simply by smoothing it out after stirring. Another problem that occurred was the white, hard crust that formed. The white crust could possibly be avoided by mixing more often and mixing right up until the soap hardens. B. Oatmeal Soap The only problem that we encountered with the oatmeal soap was that the flakes were too big. To avoid this in the future it would be good to have a more sophisticated grinder and grind the flakes for a longer duration of time. References: 1. Hiscox, Gardner D.